MLA (Modern Language Association) Style is used in Literature, Arts, and Humanities disciplines. Always consult your assignment or ask your instructor for the correct citation style to use
| Part of the Formula | Examples and Explanation | Example of article citation from a database |
|---|---|---|
| Author. | • one author: Last Name, rest of name as presented in the source. (example: Williams, Fred Laurence.) • two authors: reverse name of first author followed by a comma, then second author’s first name and then last name. (example: Cordell, Barbara, and Jane Buckle.) • more than two authors: reverse the name of the first author, follow with a comma and et al. (example: Browne, Charlene, et al.) |
Cordell, Barbara, and Jane Buckle. |
| Title of Source. |
• Put name of source in italics. |
"The Effects of Aromatherapy on Nicotine Craving on a U.S. Campus: A Small Comparison Study." |
| Title of Container, |
• When the source is part of a larger whole, the larger whole can be thought of as a container (example: a whole book is a container for a book chapter) |
Journal of Alternative & Complementary Medicine, |
| Contributors, | Example: edited by, | |
| Version, | Example: 7th ed., | |
| Number, | Any numbered sequence. Example: vol. 3, no. 7 | vol. 19, no. 8, |
| Publisher, | (however, no publisher is required for articles) | |
| Publication date, | date as given on source but following this date style: 28 Jan. 2020, | 1 Aug. 2013, |
| Location. |
• Example of website: www.cnn.com do not include http:// in the URL |
pp. 709-13. ProQuest Research Library, https://doi:10.1089/acm.2012.0537. |
Note: Adding the date that you accessed a digital source is optional. If you choose to add it, after the Location element, use this formula: Accessed dd Abreviated Month yyyy.
Example: Accessed 15 Sept. 2025.
Use the links below to access guides on other websites that provide APA style explanations and examples: