Physical Therapy

Use this guide as a starting point for your research in the area of physical therapy as well as topics in general health, physiology and kinesiology.

Anatomy Images

Images, Charts, Tables, Graphs - APA

Images, Charts, Tables, Graphs Inserted into Essays & Presentations

You are required to cite images that you insert into essays and visual presentations.
Note: For artificial intelligence-created images, see: Images Generated by an AI Tool 

In the body of the essay or in a visual presentation:

  • Above the image:
    • Include the bolded word Figure and the number of the figure (you would need to number any subsequent figures sequentially in your paper)
    • Include the title of the image in title-case italics.  If the image does not have a given title, give your own short description of the image where you would normally put the title.
  • Below the image:
    • Include this word in italics: Note.
    • Include citation information in this format (note that this is a different format than the formal APA citation that you include on the References page):
      • for webpages:
        • Title of Webpage in Italics and Title Case, by A. Author and B. Author, year, Site Name (URL). Copyright Year by Name of Copyright Holder
      • for articles:
        • “Title of Article in Title Case” by A. Author and B. Author, year, Title of Periodical, Volume(Issue), p. xx (DOI or URL). Copyright Year by Name of Copyright Holder.
Example:

Figure 1

More Farmers in Peru Have Stopped Planting Coca, Opting for Cacao and Coffee

More Farmers in Peru Have Stopped Planting Coca, Opting for Cacao and Coffee

Note. From Peruvian Prosperity: From Coca Farmer to Chocolate Maker, by N. Guitierrez, 2016, USAID (https://www.usaid.gov/results-data/success-stories/coca-farmer-chocolate-maker). Copyright 2016 by USAID.

 

On the References page:
  • include the entire formal APA citation for the source
    Example:

    USAID. (2016, September). Peruvian prosperity: From coca farmer to chocolate maker. https://www.usaid.gov/results-data/success-stories/coca-farmer-chocolate-maker

 

Images, Charts, Tables, Graphs Not Inserted but Referred to into Essays & Presentations

If you refer to information from an image, chart, table or graph, but do not insert it in your essay or presentation, create a citation both in-text and on your Reference list.

If the information is part of another format, for example a book, magazine article, encyclopedia, etc., cite the work it came from.

  • Example: if information came from a table in an article in National Geographic magazine, you would cite the entire article.
  • Example citation: Image from a Website

If you are only making a passing reference to a well known image, you would not have to cite it, e.g. describing someone as having a Mona Lisa smile.

 

Online Image Repositories

Online Websites for Finding Images

These online repositories provide high-quality images of artwork and other historically significant items that are in the public domain, so you are free to use them in your papers and presentations, but make sure you cite your source!
 

Websites for finding Creative Commons images and images in the public domain:
Websites for locating some subject-specific images
Subjects: Health Sciences