APA (American Psychological Association) Style is used in Social Science disciplines, like Psychology and Education. Always consult your assignment or ask your instructor for the correct citation style to use
Use the links below to access guides on other websites that provide APA style explanations and examples:
Avoid Plagiarizing: You must cite any direct quotation, summary, or paraphrase of any idea or fact from your research. Citing sources is giving credit to the original author and publication where you found the information. Not citing sources is plagiarism and you may be subject to academic discipline.
Lend Authority to Your Paper: By referencing the work of scholars, professionals, and individuals with lived experiences around a topic, you demonstrate that your own research is based on solid, reliable information and that you are capable of critical thinking by being able to synthesize that research into your own.
Provide a Path: By citing sources, you provide the information that readers of your essay or presentation need in order to locate the same sources that you did.
Acknowledge Other's Work: Part of your research is built upon the research of other people. In the scholarship tradition in the United States, it is considered respectful and fair to give them credit for their hard work (just as you might hope someone would give you credit if they were quoting your own work!)
Scott, D. (1999). Camp William Penn's black soldiers in blue. America's Civil War., 12(4), 44-50.
After the Emancipation Proclamation, may free black slaves enlisted in the Union Army at Camp William Penn. This journal article provides an overview of their training at the Camp, the racism they experienced from the community and their bravery during battle. It gives detailed examples of discrimination the soldiers faced from the Philadelphia citizens as well as from some of their own commanding officers. The theme running through the article is that while black troops were an important part of the military, they faced significant racism even as they attempted to fight for the northern cause.
I chose this source because it discusses the conditions of the largest training facility for ex-slave soldiers and so provides one basis by which to judge the treatment of black soldiers during the Civil War. It is helpful because it depicts discrimination faced by the soldiers and gives them a voice, even including some quotes from the soldiers. This source was unique in that it described the citizen reaction to having black soldiers in their midst. It helped shape my argument because it shows that racism existed not only in the South, but also in the North and within the military, proving that African American soldiers faced an uphill struggle even as they assisted the Union's victory.
(note that the above annotation should be completely double-spaced)
(from section 9.51 of the APA Manual)
1.Instructors generally set the content requirements (number of references to include, length and focus of each annotation...etc.)
2. Format and order references in alphabetical order, the same as you would order entries in a References list
3. Double-space the entire annotated bibliography
4. Each annotation should begin an new paragraph below its reference entry. Indent the entire annotation .5 inches (a "hanging indent") from the left margin. Do not further indent the first line of the annotation
5.If the annotation spans multiple paragraphs, indent the first line of the second paragraph and any subsequent paragraphs an additional .5 inches